Grade 6 Social Studies Alabama standards Standards

United States Studies: The Industrial Revolution to the Present

Explain the impact of industrialization, urbanization, communication, and cultural changes on life in the United States from the late nineteenth century to World War I.

Analyze changing economic priorities and cycles of economic expansion and contraction for their impact on society since World War II.

Identifying policies and programs that had an economic impact on society since World War II

Analyzing consequences of immigration for their impact on national and Alabama economies since World War II

Identify technological advancements on society in the United States since World War II.

Evaluate significant political issues and policies of presidential administrations since World War II.

Identifying domestic policies that shaped the United States since World War II

Recognizing domestic issues that shaped the United States since World War II

Identifying issues of foreign affairs that shaped the United States since World War II

Explaining how conflict in the Middle East impacted life in the United States since World War II

Recognizing the election of Barack Obama as the culmination of a movement in the United States to realize equal opportunity for all Americans

Identifying the 2008 presidential election as a watershed in the use of new technology and mass participation in the electoral process

Describe reform movements and changing social conditions during the Progressive Era in the United States.

Relating countries of origin and experiences of new immigrants to life in the United States

Identifying workplace reforms, including the eight-hour workday, child labor laws, and workers' compensation laws

Identifying political reforms of Progressive movement leaders, including Theodore Roosevelt and the establishment of the national park system

Identifying social reforms of the Progressive movement, including efforts by Jane Adams, Clara Barton, and Julia Tutwiler

Recognizing goals of the early civil rights movement and the purpose of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)

Explaining Progressive movement provisions of the Sixteenth, Seventeenth, Eighteenth, Nineteenth, and Twenty-first Amendments to the Constitution of the United States

Identify causes and consequences of World War I and reasons for the United States' entry into the war.

Describing military and civilian roles in the United States during World War I

Explaining roles of important persons associated with World War I, including Woodrow Wilson and Archduke Franz Ferdinand

Analyzing technological advances of the World War I era for their impact on modern warfare

Locating on a map major countries involved in World War I and boundary changes after the war

Explaining the intensification of isolationism in the United States after World War I

Recognizing the strategic placement of military bases in Alabama

Identify cultural and economic developments in the United States from 1900 through the 1930s.

Describing the impact of various writers, musicians, and artists on American culture during the Harlem Renaissance and the Jazz Age

Identifying contributions of turn-of-the-century inventors

Describing the emergence of the modern woman during the early 1900s

Identifying notable persons of the early 1900s

Comparing results of the economic policies of the Warren G. Harding, Calvin Coolidge, and Herbert Hoover Administrations

Explain causes and effects of the Great Depression on the people of the United States.

Identifying patterns of migration during the Great Depression

Locating on a map the area of the United States known as the Dust Bowl

Describing the importance of the election of Franklin D. Roosevelt as President of the United States, including the New Deal alphabet agencies

Locating on a map the river systems utilized by the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA)

Identify causes and consequences of World War II and reasons for the United States' entry into the war.

Locating on a map Allied countries and Axis Powers

Locating on a map key engagements of World War II, including Pearl Harbor; the battles of Normandy, Stalingrad, and Midway; and the Battle of the Bulge

Identifying key figures of World War II, including Franklin D. Roosevelt, Sir Winston Churchill, Harry S. Truman, Joseph Stalin, Adolf Hitler, Benito Mussolini, Michinomiya Hirohito, and Hideki Tōjō

Describing the development of and the decision to use the atomic bomb

Describing human costs associated with World War II

Explaining the importance of the surrender of the Axis Powers ending World War II

Identify changes on the American home front during World War II.

Recognizing the retooling of factories from consumer to military production

Identifying new roles of women and African Americans in the workforce

Describing increased demand on the Birmingham steel industry and Port of Mobile facilities

Describing the experience of African Americans and Japanese Americans in the United States during World War II, including the Tuskegee Airmen and occupants of internment camps

Describe how the United States' role in the Cold War influenced domestic and international events.

Describing the origin and meaning of the Iron Curtain and communism

Recognizing how the Cold War conflict manifested itself through sports

Identifying strategic diplomatic initiatives that intensified the Cold War, including the policies of Harry S. Truman, Dwight D. Eisenhower, and John F. Kennedy

Identifying how Cold War tensions resulted in armed conflict

Describing the impact of the Cold War on technological innovations

Recognizing Alabama's role in the Cold War

Assessing effects of the end of the Cold War Era

Critique major social and cultural changes in the United States since World War II.

Identifying key persons and events of the modern Civil Rights Movement

Describing the changing role of women in United States' society and how it affected the family unit

Recognizing the impact of music genres and artists on United States' culture since World War II

Identifying the impact of media, including newspapers, AM and FM radio, television, twenty-four hour sports and news programming, talk radio, and Internet social networking, on United States' culture since World War II

United States Studies: The Industrial Revolution to the Present

Distinguish between the concepts of industrialization and urbanization; identify the importance of new resources and technological advancements on the United States, including petroleum and steel.

Define globalization in basic terms as working with other countries; recognize how government, globalization, and immigration impact society, including a shift from manufacturing to service economy and foreign manufacturers in America.

Define technology; identify technology that impacts our lives.

List significant policy changes of the late 20th century and their causes including: desegregation of the military, federal education funding, and No Child Left Behind Act.

Understanding the election of Barack Obama as the culmination of a movement in the United States to realize equal opportunity for all Americans and how the 2008 presidential election as a watershed in the use of new technology and mass participation in the electoral process.

Identify the problems created by industrialization and urbanization of the late 1800s including poor working conditions and unhealthy living conditions; define the concept of reform and identify at least one major reform of the Progressive Movement including child labor laws, 8-hour workdays, and cleaner living conditions in cities; identify the expansion of conservation efforts by the national parks and national forests.

Identify goals of the early civil rights movement and the purpose of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP).

Identify strategic placement of military bases in Alabama, such as Redstone Arsenal, Fort Rucker, Fort McClellan, and Craig Air Force Base.

Identify at least one or more inventions and inventors of the late 1800s and early 1900s, including Thomas Edison (practical light bulb), Alexander Graham Bell (telephone), George Washington Carver (uses for the peanut), Wright Brothers (airplane), and Henry Ford (affordable car); illustrate the cultural changes of the early 1900s presented by at least one or more individuals including, F. Scott Fitzgerald, Zora Neale Hurston, Helen Keller, Babe Ruth, W. C. Handy, and Charles Lindbergh.

Identify Harlem Renaissance and the Jazz Age.

Define economic depression; identify the general factors of the Great Depression including: stock market crash of 1929, dust bowl, Hoovervilles, and FDR.

Describe the purpose of the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) and its location.

Identify the broad causes and participants of World War II; locate major World War II countries on a map and label Axis and Allied countries; identify at least one major individual involved in World War II including FDR, Adolf Hitler, Winston Churchill, and Joseph Stalin; identify at least one major event of World War II, including the attack on Pearl Harbor, the Holocaust, and the bombing Hiroshima.

Recognize that war often requires sacrifices from the civilian population; identify minority and female contributions to World War II, including the Tuskegee Airmen, code talkers, and Rosie the Riveter; identify changes that happen when resources are transferred from civilian to military use in time of war.

Define the Cold War; identify how after World War II, the United States became a military super power and a leader in world affairs along with the Soviet Union; identify at least one goal and at least one challenge of the United States during the Cold War.

Identifying Alabama’s role in the Cold War.

Define civil rights movement; identify key figures and events of the Civil Rights movement, including Martin Luther King Jr., Rosa Parks, Montgomery Bus Boycott, and the 16th Street Baptist Church bombing; identify culturally influential music from the post-World War II world including, Elvis Presley, the Beatles, Bob Dylan, and Jimi Hendrix.

Describe major Indigenous societies in North America prior to European contact.

Explain how events and issues of the Critical Period (1783-1789) exposed limitations of the Articles of Confederation and contributed to calls for a stronger national government.

Compare and contrast the division of power among levels of government in unitary, federal, and confederate styles of governance.

Describe how the Northwest Land Ordinances of 1785 and 1787 established a foundation for future territorial growth of the United States and restricted the growth of slavery.

Identify innovative ideas for democratic governance and the expansion of citizen rights that were included in state constitutions during the Critical Period.

Analyze how collaboration and compromise were employed to address key issues during the Constitutional Convention, including representation in Congress (Great Compromise and bicameral legislature), balance of power between national and state governments (establishment of the system of federalism), limiting government power (establishment of the three branches), and slavery (Three-Fifths Compromise).

Describe the role of Founding Fathers at the Constitutional Convention and explain how they contributed to the development of the Constitution.

Summarize the arguments favoring and opposing ratification of the Constitution of the United States.

Assess the arguments made by groups and individuals seeking greater inclusion and advancement of fundamental values in the late 1700s, including women and Black Americans, who were excluded from early American political participation.

Explain how forms of governments established prior to the founding of the United States influenced the formation of the new nation’s system of government.

Describe how the Magna Carta, Petition of Right, and English Bill of Rights contributed to the development of limited government.

Compare and contrast how Enlightenment thinkers interpreted the purpose of government and the relationship between government and citizens.

Develop an argument supporting the idea that the Iroquois Confederacy’s form of representative government influenced attempts of the colonies to unite as one nation.

Describe major ideas, concepts, and limitations of the Constitution of the United States.

Explain how a written constitution aids in establishing limited government and the rule of law.

Describe how the authors of the Constitution viewed the primary functions of government, based on the wording of the Preamble.

Analyze key elements of the Constitution that deal with citizenship and civic participation, including the path to citizenship and the process for amending the Constitution.

Outline the process of selecting political leaders of the United States as established in the Constitution and its amendments.

Explain how the system of federalism in the United States divides power between national and state governments as well as between state and local governments.

Summarize how federalism balances concerns regarding limiting a powerful national government, securing regional interests, and sharing power across the United States.

Compare duties and functions of the legislative, executive, and judicial branches at various levels of government.

Illustrate and explain the relationship among the three branches, including checks and balances and separation of powers.

Identify key positions in each branch and describe their responsibilities.

Explain key rights included in the Bill of Rights and provide examples of how citizens exercise these rights in today’s society.

Trace the origins of rights contained in the Bill of Rights to issues leading to the American Revolution and the concerns of colonists about unlimited government power.

Explain the significance of Marbury v. Madison (1803) in establishing judicial review by the Supreme Court.

Identify constitutional amendments that expanded political rights for citizens and describe the efforts of citizens to secure these rights.

Analyze how an individual’s civic participation can influence government, politics, and society.

Identify and describe ways citizens work together to influence the government and solve problems.

Differentiate between the requirements, responsibilities, and rights for citizenship in the United States.

Explain how an individual becomes a citizen of the United States, including birthright citizenship and naturalization, and identify moments in history in which citizenship has been extended to individuals not previously considered citizens.

Analyze the election and presidency of George Washington for its impact on establishing the role of president in the United States, including the creation of the first Cabinet, establishment of the District of Columbia, commitment to religious freedom (Letter to the Hebrew Congregation at Newport), and the two-term precedent.

Formulate and defend a position on the use of federal authority by Washington and his administration in response to the Whiskey Rebellion.

Summarize the views Washington expressed in his Farewell Address regarding political factions, international relations, and civic virtue.

Compare the political and social structures of Southeastern Woodland Indigenous peoples and those of another region of North America.

Compare and contrast the reasons for British, French, and Spanish colonization in North America as well as why individuals migrated to the colonies, including mercantilism, religious persecution, poverty, oppression, and new opportunities.

Trace the development of the Federalist and Democratic-Republican political parties in the 1790s, and describe the role of political parties in the American political system.

Describe Alexander Hamilton’s economic plan for the new United States and explain how this became the foundation of capitalism in the country.

Compare the arguments for and against the establishment of the National Bank as represented by differing interpretations of the Constitution.

Compare Alexander Hamilton’s vision for an industrial United States to Thomas Jefferson’s agricultural vision.

Describe the significance of the Election of 1800 as setting the precedent for a peaceful transition of power and the electoral reform the election produced.

Summarize how the Crusades, Reformation, and Renaissance influenced European exploration and describe how individuals contributed to these movements.

Trace the routes of key European expeditions in North America and describe their effects on colonization in the New World.

Locate on a map of North America the areas of European colonization, including colonies of England, France, Russia, and Spain.

Describe the effects of European expeditions and colonization on the economic, geographic, and social conditions of Indigenous peoples during the fifteenth through eighteenth centuries in North America.

Summarize how interactions between colonists and Indigenous peoples resulted in both conflict and cooperation, including economic and military alliances.

Compare and contrast the key characteristics, including political structures, of the New England, Middle, Chesapeake, and Southern colonies.

Explain how climate and geography shaped the economic identities of the colonial regions.

Differentiate among the various forms of colonial governments and identify examples of self-government in the colonies, including the Mayflower Compact, New England town meetings, and the Virginia House of Burgesses.

Identify individuals in colonial America who sought change for their communities, and describe how their efforts led to shifts in society.

Explain how the desire for religious freedom served as a motivation for establishing colonies.

Summarize efforts to limit religious freedom in the colonies.

Describe the contributions of colonists in bringing about religious change in colonial society.

Explain the influence of the Great Awakening on colonial society, including how it shaped the political beliefs of colonists.

Trace the economic and cultural interactions across continents and the colonies resulting from the triangular trade routes, including the forced migration of Africans through the transatlantic slave trade and experiences of the Middle Passage.

Compare and contrast the institution of slavery in different colonial regions.

Summarize the purpose of slave codes in colonial society and explain how they demonstrated that laws can be discriminatory and unfair.

Describe how enslaved people and abolitionists sought to oppose slavery in colonial America.

Identify causes and events leading to the War for Independence, including salutary neglect, the Stamp Act, the Boston Massacre, the Boston Tea Party, the Intolerable Acts, Virginia Convention (1775), and the Declaration of Independence, and describe how these events escalated tension between the colonies and Great Britain.

Develop an argument defending the belief that the French and Indian War served as a defining event in the relationship between the American colonies and British government.

Compare and contrast methods of colonial activism and protest against British policies, including boycotts, craftwork, letters, petitions, poems, public oration, and speeches.

Describe the positive and negative effects of taxation and trade on the economic livelihood of American colonies in the 1760s and 1770s and explain how this issue violated colonists’ expectations of representative government.

Summarize the arguments put forth by Patriots and Loyalists regarding the question of independence from Great Britain, and describe efforts to compromise.

Define the key principles contained in the Declaration of Independence, including inalienable rights, equality, and social contract, and explain how they have been presented in significant statements of belief throughout United States history to the present.

Differentiate among the outcomes of major events and campaigns of the War for Independence, including the northern, middle, southern, and western theaters.

Explain how the War for Independence created hardship and required sacrifice by colonists on the home front as well as by soldiers.

Research and report on the contributions to victory in the War for Independence from women, Black Americans, and supporters from other countries.

Explain the involvement of Indigenous peoples in the War for Independence and the effects of the war on Indigenous societies.

Explain why Loyalists and other colonists sided with the British during the War for Independence and how Great Britain’s defeat and withdrawal impacted their lives.

Summarize the reasons for the colonies’ victory in the War for Independence.

Evaluate the political and military contributions to the American Revolution of Founding Fathers, including their efforts to mobilize support, develop military strategy, and conduct foreign diplomacy.

Analyze how the Treaty of Paris of 1783 affected the development of the United States, including the establishment of its boundaries.

Foundations of American Government

The American Revolution

Creating a Government

Colonization of North America

Government in a New Nation