Standards
Plan and carry out investigations to provide evidence that matter is made of particles too small to be seen.
Generate resourceObtain and communicate information to explain why the sun appears to be larger and brighter than other stars.
Generate resourceAnalyze data that reveal patterns of daily changes in length and direction of shadows, day and night, phases of the moon, and seasonal appearance of some stars in the night sky.
Generate resourceUse a model to represent how any two of Earth's systems (atmosphere, biosphere, geosphere, and hydrosphere) interact and support life.
Generate resourceConstruct a model to represent the distribution of freshwater and saltwater on Earth.
Generate resourceObtain and evaluate information to communicate how science-based solutions are being used to protect Earth’s natural resources and its environment.
Generate resourceAnalyze data collected through observations and measurements to identify materials based on their properties, including color, hardness, and reflectivity.
Generate resourceConduct investigations to provide evidence that the total weight of matter is conserved during phase changes when substances are heated, cooled, or mixed.
Generate resourceAnalyze data from tests to determine whether a new substance is formed after two or more substances are combined.
Generate resourceMake a claim, supported by evidence, that the gravitational force exerted by Earth pulls objects towards the center of Earth.
Generate resourceDesign and conduct a test to modify the speed of an object falling due to gravity.
Generate resourceSupport an argument from evidence that plants primarily use air and water to process matter needed for growth.
Generate resourceUse evidence to explain that energy from the sun is present in animals’ food and is used for body repair, growth, motion, and maintenance of body warmth.
Generate resourceCreate and use a model to explain the transfer of matter and energy between the environment and organisms within it.
Generate resourceIdentify patterns of change caused by the Earth's position and/or motion (e.g., moon phases and shadows).
Generate resourceIdentify how the atmosphere and hydrosphere interact to support life (e.g., air, water).
Generate resourceIdentify the distribution of freshwater and saltwater on Earth (e.g., oceans, lakes, rivers, glaciers, groundwater, polar ice caps).
Generate resourceIdentify ways humans can prevent or reverse pollution in the environment.
Generate resourceClassify materials (e.g., powders, metals, minerals, liquids) based on their properties (e.g., color, hardness, and reflectivity).
Generate resourceRecognize that regardless of the type of reaction (e.g., new substance forming due to dissolving or mixing) or change (e.g., phase change) that occurs when heating, cooling, or mixing substances, the total weight of the matter does not change.
Generate resourcePredict whether the mixing of two or more substances results in new substances (e.g., mixing of baking soda and vinegar resulting in the formation of a new substance, gas; mixing of sand and water resulting in no new substance being formed).
Generate resourceIdentify examples of objects being affected by Earth’s downward gravitational force.
Generate resourceIdentify solutions designed to reduce the effects of a falling object due to gravity (e.g., a parachute to keep an attached object from breaking).
Generate resourceRecognize that plants obtain materials needed for growth primarily from air and water.
Generate resourceIdentify that animals get their energy to grow and move from food (plants and animals).
Generate resourcePatterns: Similarities and differences in patterns can be used to sort, classify, communicate, and analyze simple rates of change for natural phenomena and designed products. Patterns of change can be used to make predictions. Patterns can be used as evidence to support an explanation
Generate resourceCause and Effect: Mechanism and Prediction: Cause and effect relationships are routinely identified, tested, and used to explain change. Events that occur together with regularity might or might not be a cause and effect relationship.
Generate resourceScale, Proportion, and Quantity: Natural objects and/or observable phenomena exist from the very small to the immensely large or from very short to very long time periods. Standard units are used to measure and describe physical quantities such as weight, time, temperature, and volume.
Generate resourceSystems and System Models: A system is a group of related parts that make up a whole and can carry out functions its individual parts cannot. A system can be described in terms of its components and their interactions.
Generate resourceEnergy and Matter: Flows, Cycles, and Conservation: Matter is made of particles. Matter flows and cycles can be tracked in terms of the weight of the substances before and after a process occurs. The total weight of the substances does not change. This is what is meant by conservation of matter. Matter is transported into, out of, and within systems. Energy can be transferred in various ways; energy can be transferred between objects.
Generate resourceStructure and Function: Different materials have different substructures, which can sometimes be observed. Substructures have shapes and parts that serve functions.
Generate resourceStability and Change: Change is measured in terms of differences over time and may occur at different rates. Some systems appear stable, but over long periods of time will eventually change.
Generate resourceAsking Questions and Defining Problems: Specifying qualitative relationships.
Generate resourceDeveloping and Using Models: Building and revising simple models; using models to represent events and design solutions
Generate resourcePlanning and Carrying Out Investigations: Designing and conducting investigations with controlled variables; providing evidence to support explanations or design solutions
Generate resourceAnalyzing and Interpreting Data: Introducing quantitative approaches to collecting data and conducting multiple trials of qualitative observations, using digital tools whenever possible.
Generate resourceUsing Mathematics and Computational Thinking: Extending quantitative measurements to a variety of physical properties; using computation and mathematics to analyze data and compare alternative design solutions.
Generate resourceConstructing Explanations and Designing Solutions: Using evidence in constructing explanations that specify variables, describing and predicting phenomena, and designing multiple solutions to design problems.
Generate resourceEngaging in Argument from Evidence: Critiquing the scientific explanations or solutions proposed by peers, citing relevant evidence about the natural and designed world(s).
Generate resourceObtaining, Evaluating, and Communicating Information: Evaluating the merit and accuracy of ideas and methods.
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